{"id":49868,"date":"2023-08-03T17:49:37","date_gmt":"2023-08-03T22:49:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/?p=49868"},"modified":"2024-04-15T10:37:34","modified_gmt":"2024-04-15T15:37:34","slug":"la-croisiere-namuse-plus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/","title":{"rendered":"La croisi\u00e8re n&rsquo;amuse plus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La croisi\u00e8re n&rsquo;amuse plus.\u00a0 Par Alain Clavet<\/p>\n<p>La croisi\u00e8re n&rsquo;amuse plus : tourisme de masse, gigantisme et pollution &#8211; une menace environnementale et sociale<\/p>\n<p>Des navires gigantesques incitant \u00e0 la surconsommation, alimentant les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales et d\u00e9gradant notre plan\u00e8te : un mod\u00e8le \u00e0 revoir d&rsquo;urgence.<\/p>\n<p>Il fut un temps o\u00f9 les croisi\u00e8res \u00e9taient consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme l&rsquo;incarnation du luxe et du plaisir. Une promesse d&rsquo;\u00e9vasion, de d\u00e9tente, de d\u00e9couvertes exotiques. Aujourd&rsquo;hui, le tableau n&rsquo;est plus aussi s\u00e9duisant. Avec leur gigantisme effr\u00e9n\u00e9, ces immenses navires ont transform\u00e9 l&rsquo;image du tourisme de masse en une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 inqui\u00e9tante pour notre environnement et nos soci\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Le gigantisme au d\u00e9triment de l&rsquo;environnement<\/p>\n<p>Le gigantisme des croisi\u00e8res est impressionnant : des navires pouvant transporter jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 7000 passagers, des buffets gargantuesques, des bars et des casinos sans fin. Cette d\u00e9mesure incite \u00e0 la surconsommation de nourriture, d&rsquo;alcool, mais aussi et surtout d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie. L&#8217;empreinte carbone d&rsquo;un tel voyage est immense.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-49868 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1328\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1328-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus sur un grand bateau de croisi\u00e8re dans l&#039;oc\u00e9an.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1330\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1330-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus : Un bateau de croisi\u00e8re avec parc aquatique la nuit, o\u00f9 le plaisir ne s&#039;arr\u00eate jamais.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1329\/'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1329-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Repr\u00e9sentation artistique d&#039;un grand bateau de croisi\u00e8re nomm\u00e9 &quot;La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus&quot;.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"s1\">Le nouvel\u00a0Icon of the Seas, con\u00e7u par\u00a0Royal Caribbean, deviendra sous peu le plus grand navire de croisi\u00e8re au monde avec ses 40\u00a0restaurants, sept\u00a0piscines et une moyenne de pr\u00e8s de 7000\u00a0passagers \u00e0 bord. Il mesure 365\u00a0m\u00e8tres et p\u00e8se 250\u00a0000\u00a0tonnes, soit cinq\u00a0fois plus que le Titanic.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s2\"><i>L&rsquo;<\/i><\/span><span class=\"s3\"><i>Icon of the Seas<\/i><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><i>, c\u2019est un paradoxe en soi, c\u2019est un symbole du capitalisme d\u00e9brid\u00e9, c\u2019est vraiment l\u2019exemple parfait de la course vers la \u00ab\u00a0surdimension\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 (<\/i><\/span><span class=\"s1\">Luc Renaud, professeur associ\u00e9 au D\u00e9partement d\u2019\u00e9tudes urbaines et touristiques de l&rsquo;UQAM.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-49927\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1322-1-300x182.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"488\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1322-1-300x182.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1322-1-768x466.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1322-1-1024x622.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1322-1.jpeg 1202w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mais la pollution ne s&rsquo;arr\u00eate pas l\u00e0. Ces g\u00e9ants des mers utilisent le fioul lourd, qui m\u00eame avec des <em>scrubbers<\/em>, \u00e9met d&rsquo;immenses quantit\u00e9s de soufre, de particules fines et d&rsquo;autres polluants dans l&rsquo;atmosph\u00e8re, sans parler des d\u00e9chets rejet\u00e9s \u00e0 la mer. Ce constat est encore plus alarmant lorsque l&rsquo;on sait que le secteur des croisi\u00e8res est en pleine expansion.\u00a0<span class=\"ILfuVd\" lang=\"fr\"><span class=\"hgKElc\"><b>Les 218 navires de croisi\u00e8re europ\u00e9ens ont \u00e9mis 509 tonnes d&rsquo;oxydes de soufre en 2022, contre 465 tonnes en 2019<\/b>. Ce total impressionnant d\u00e9passe la quantit\u00e9 produite par un milliard de voitures, soit 4,4 fois plus que toutes les voitures du continent europ\u00e9en. (J<\/span><\/span><span class=\"kX21rb ZYHQ7e\">uin 2023.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Des navires, symboles d&rsquo;in\u00e9galit\u00e9s<\/p>\n<p>En plus de leur impact environnemental, ces navires sont \u00e9galement le reflet de profondes in\u00e9galit\u00e9s sociales. Derri\u00e8re le glamour apparent, l&rsquo;exploitation de travailleurs pauvres, souvent originaires des Philippines et de l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie, est une r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Mal pay\u00e9s, 9 mois sans sortir du bateau, ils assurent l&rsquo;entretien des chambres, le service en salle, la buanderie, la cuisine&#8230;\u00a0 Le gigantisme de ces bateaux est non seulement un symbole de surconsommation, mais aussi de disparit\u00e9s socio-\u00e9conomiques criantes.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-49868 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1327\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1327-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus : Un grand bateau de croisi\u00e8re blanc amarr\u00e9 au cr\u00e9puscule.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1324\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1324-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Le navire de croisi\u00e8re La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus avec de la fum\u00e9e s&#039;\u00e9chappant.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1326\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1326-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Un grand navire de croisi\u00e8re amarr\u00e9 \u00e0 un quai, mettant en valeur la magnificence de La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>Un mod\u00e8le en d\u00e9calage avec les attentes actuelles<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Amsterdam joint sa voix \u00e0 celles d&rsquo;autres villes, dont Venise, en Italie, et Santorin, en Gr\u00e8ce, qui limitent l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s aux croisi\u00e9ristes dans le but de r\u00e9duire la pollution que g\u00e9n\u00e8rent ces navires ainsi que l&rsquo;afflux trop massif de touristes.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s1\">Le port mythique d&rsquo;Amsterdam s&rsquo;appr\u00eate \u00e0 voir dispara\u00eetre ses g\u00e9ants. Port d&rsquo;arr\u00eat d&rsquo;une centaine de navires de croisi\u00e8re tous les ans, le tourisme de masse \u2013\u00a0de tr\u00e8s courte dur\u00e9e\u00a0\u2013 a fait son temps.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Amsterdam a adopt\u00e9 une motion pour que les bateaux de croisi\u00e8re accostent hors de son centre historique.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"s2\"><i>On commence \u00e0 voir des destinations qui osent dire aux industries du tourisme\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0On ne veut plus de vous chez nous ou, du moins, pas en aussi grand nombre.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"s2\">Alain Adrien Grenier, professeur au D\u00e9partement d\u2019\u00e9tudes urbaines et touristiques de l&rsquo;ESG-UQAM. (<\/span><span class=\"s2\">Cit\u00e9 d&rsquo;un article d&rsquo;\u00c9rika Bisaillon, 23 juillet 2023,\u00a0 Radio-Canada info.)<\/span><\/p>\n<div id='gallery-3' class='gallery galleryid-49868 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1323\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1323-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Un bateau de croisi\u00e8re rempli de fum\u00e9e.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1324-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1324-1-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Un grand navire de croisi\u00e8re dont s&#039;\u00e9chappe de la fum\u00e9e, connu sous le nom de &quot;La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus&quot;, conna\u00eet actuellement des probl\u00e8mes de moteur.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/lametropole.com\/2023\/08\/03\/la-croisiere-namuse-plus\/img_1323-2\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/lametropole.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/IMG_1323-1-150x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus car le bateau de croisi\u00e8re \u00e9met de la fum\u00e9e.\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Bilan environnemental peu enviable<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"s1\">Un seul navire de croisi\u00e8re \u00e9met l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent en CO<\/span><span class=\"s3\"><sub>2<\/sub><\/span><span class=\"s1\">\u00a0de 83\u00a0600\u00a0v\u00e9hicules. Ses \u00e9missions de particules fines repr\u00e9sentent plus d&rsquo;un million d&rsquo;automobiles.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00c0 l&rsquo;\u00e8re d&rsquo;Internet et de l&rsquo;intelligence artificielle, des milliards d&rsquo;images et de vid\u00e9os nous d\u00e9crivent les destinations, parfois mieux que la r\u00e9alit\u00e9. L&rsquo;id\u00e9e de parcourir des jours sur mer pour une escale de quelques heures semble de plus en plus anachronique. Attendre trois heures pour monter sur l&rsquo;Acropole lors d&rsquo;une escale de dix heures au port du Pir\u00e9e en Gr\u00e8ce est devenu une situation risible et frustrante pour beaucoup.<\/p>\n<p>Les croisi\u00e9ristes semblent fermer les yeux sur la situation internationale.\u00a0 Il y a une guerre en Europe.\u00a0 Or, les navires font encore escale \u00e0 Istanbul en Turquie.\u00a0 La ville d&rsquo;Istanbul est connect\u00e9e \u00e0 la mer Noire par le d\u00e9troit du Bosphore.\u00a0 La mer Noire est une zone de guerre.\u00a0 Pas tr\u00e8s prudent&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>De plus, l&rsquo;accueil des populations locales dans les ports se fait de plus en plus froid. Le tourisme de masse, per\u00e7u comme un commerce envahissant et n\u00e9faste, provoque le rejet des habitants et d\u00e9grade l&rsquo;authenticit\u00e9 des lieux visit\u00e9s.\u00a0 Il est donc imp\u00e9ratif de repenser notre approche du tourisme, notamment en ce qui concerne les croisi\u00e8res. Plus respectueux de l&rsquo;environnement, plus \u00e9quitable sur le plan social, plus authentique dans l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rience : c&rsquo;est le d\u00e9fi que le secteur doit relever pour rester attractif et durable.<\/p>\n<h5>Les gigantesques bateaux de croisi\u00e8res pourraient bien devenir les dinosaures du tourisme du XXIe si\u00e8cle.<\/h5>\n<p><iframe title=\"La croisi\u00e8re, catastrophe \u00e9cologique flottante\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xWLuaiQP4Es?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Le plus grand paquebot jamais construit effectuera sa premi\u00e8re croisi\u00e8re en janvier 2024\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/14MIdU049Zs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"LES DESSOUS D&#039;UNE CROISI\u00c8RE DE LUXE\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/k91vFql3DuA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"La croisi\u00e8re n&rsquo;amuse plus.\u00a0 Par Alain Clavet La croisi\u00e8re n&rsquo;amuse plus : tourisme de masse, gigantisme et pollution&hellip;","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":49916,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_display_header_overlay":false,"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[890,168,84,28,43,45],"series":[896],"coauthors":[106],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus | La M\u00e9tropole<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La croisi\u00e8re n&#039;amuse plus\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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